Types of Irrigation.

Irrigation and its types. 

Irrigation refers to the process of artificially supplying water to crops or plants in order to maintain their growth and development. Irrigation is essential in areas where rainfall is insufficient, irregular or uncertain.

There are several types of irrigation methods available, including:

Surface Irrigation: This is the most common method of irrigation, where water is applied to the soil surface using furrows, borders, or basins. Water infiltrates into the soil, and crops absorb it from there.

Sprinkler Irrigation: In this method, water is sprayed into the air and distributed over the crops as a spray. This method is suitable for uneven land surfaces and windy areas.

Drip Irrigation: This method involves the use of a network of tubes or pipes with small emitters that release water directly to the roots of the plants. This method is highly efficient and can save water compared to other methods.

Subsurface Irrigation: This method involves the use of buried pipes or tubes to deliver water directly to the roots of the plants. This method is suitable for crops with shallow roots and can prevent water loss due to evaporation.

Center Pivot Irrigation: This is a mechanized form of sprinkler irrigation where a pivot point is used to water crops in a circular pattern. This method is commonly used for large fields.

Lateral Move Irrigation: This is similar to center pivot irrigation, but instead of a pivot point, the water source moves laterally across the field. This method is suitable for rectangular fields.

Each irrigation method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of method depends on factors such as the type of crop, soil type, climate, topography, and available resources.